Cone 1 temperature
Orton cone 1 bends at 2079 °F (1137 °C) at 108 °F/hr and 2109 °F (1154 °C) at 270 °F/hr. It sits in the between the ranges range — cone 24 of 38 on the chart, counting up from 022.
108 °F/hr · 60 °C/hr
2079 °F1137 °C
Medium — the rate most charts quote
270 °F/hr · 150 °C/hr
2109 °F1154 °C
Fast — typical of a quick electric firing
Orton self-supporting regular cones; rate measured over the last 200 °F of the firing. Source: Orton °F chart; °C converted. Cones measure heat-work, so a controller set to 2079 °F is not the same as firing to cone 1 — put a witness cone on the shelf.
Cone 1 is not cone 01
Cone 01 — with the leading zero — is 33 °F cooler (2046 °F), in the between the ranges range. Read the zero as “oh”; a glaze labeled for one will not behave at the other.
What cone 1 is used for
Between the ranges — Upper earthenware and lower mid-range. Less common as a target than the cones either side; some commercial glazes and sculpture bodies specify it.
Cone 1 compared
| Comparison | At 108 °F/hr | Difference (medium) | Difference (fast) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cone 1 vs cone 01 | 2046 → 2079 °F | 33 °F (18 °C) | 29 °F (16 °C) | cone 1 is hotter |
| cone 1 vs cone 2 | 2079 → 2088 °F | 9 °F (5 °C) | 18 °F (10 °C) | cone 2 is hotter |
| cone 1 vs cone 06 | 1828 → 2079 °F | 251 °F (139 °C) | 254 °F (141 °C) | cone 1 is hotter |
| cone 1 vs cone 04 | 1945 → 2079 °F | 134 °F (74 °C) | 138 °F (77 °C) | cone 1 is hotter |
| cone 1 vs cone 5 | 2079 → 2167 °F | 88 °F (49 °C) | 96 °F (53 °C) | cone 5 is hotter |
| cone 1 vs cone 6 | 2079 → 2232 °F | 153 °F (85 °C) | 160 °F (89 °C) | cone 6 is hotter |
| cone 1 vs cone 10 | 2079 → 2345 °F | 266 °F (148 °C) | 272 °F (151 °C) | cone 10 is hotter |
Convert
cone 1 bends at
2079 °F(1137 °C)
At 108 °F/hr (60 °C/hr) — medium. Faster firing → the same cone bends hotter. Everything about cone 1 →
Questions
- What temperature is cone 1?
- Orton cone 1 bends at about 2079 °F (1137 °C) when the kiln climbs at 108 °F per hour, and about 2109 °F (1154 °C) at 270 °F per hour. Cones measure heat-work — temperature over time — so the faster you fire, the hotter the kiln has to get for the same cone to bend.
- What is cone 1 in Celsius?
- 1137 °C at 108 °F/hr (60 °C/hr) and 1154 °C at 270 °F/hr (150 °C/hr), converted from Orton's Fahrenheit chart for self-supporting regular cones.
- Is cone 1 the same as cone 01?
- No — and this is the most common cone mix-up. Cones with a leading zero count down toward cone 1, so cone 01 is cooler than cone 1: about 2046 °F versus 2079 °F at 108 °F/hr, a difference of 33 °F. Read the zero as "oh", not as nothing.
- What is cone 1 used for?
- cone 1 sits in the between the ranges range. Upper earthenware and lower mid-range. Less common as a target than the cones either side; some commercial glazes and sculpture bodies specify it.
- How far is cone 1 from cone 01 and cone 2?
- At 108 °F/hr, cone 01 bends 33 °F cooler (2046 °F) and cone 2 bends 9 °F hotter (2088 °F). One cone step is not a fixed number of degrees — the spacing varies across the chart.
Firing to cone 1? Claybench schedules the kiln around it.
Clay body, glazes, and firing schedule are matched by cone before a plan is saved.