Cone 021 temperature
Orton cone 021 bends at 1112 °F (600 °C) at 108 °F/hr and 1189 °F (643 °C) at 270 °F/hr. It sits in the decorating fire range — cone 2 of 38 on the chart, counting up from 022.
108 °F/hr · 60 °C/hr
1112 °F600 °C
Medium — the rate most charts quote
270 °F/hr · 150 °C/hr
1189 °F643 °C
Fast — typical of a quick electric firing
Orton self-supporting regular cones; rate measured over the last 200 °F of the firing. Source: Orton °F chart; °C converted. Cones measure heat-work, so a controller set to 1112 °F is not the same as firing to cone 021 — put a witness cone on the shelf.
What cone 021 is used for
Decorating fire — The lowest cones — used for overglaze work fired onto already-glazed ware: lusters, china paints, and decals. Too cool to mature clay or glaze.
Cone 021 compared
| Comparison | At 108 °F/hr | Difference (medium) | Difference (fast) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cone 021 vs cone 022 | 1087 → 1112 °F | 25 °F (14 °C) | 23 °F (13 °C) | cone 021 is hotter |
| cone 021 vs cone 020 | 1112 → 1159 °F | 47 °F (26 °C) | 42 °F (23 °C) | cone 020 is hotter |
| cone 021 vs cone 06 | 1112 → 1828 °F | 716 °F (398 °C) | 666 °F (370 °C) | cone 06 is hotter |
| cone 021 vs cone 04 | 1112 → 1945 °F | 833 °F (463 °C) | 782 °F (434 °C) | cone 04 is hotter |
| cone 021 vs cone 5 | 1112 → 2167 °F | 1055 °F (586 °C) | 1016 °F (564 °C) | cone 5 is hotter |
| cone 021 vs cone 6 | 1112 → 2232 °F | 1120 °F (622 °C) | 1080 °F (600 °C) | cone 6 is hotter |
| cone 021 vs cone 10 | 1112 → 2345 °F | 1233 °F (685 °C) | 1192 °F (662 °C) | cone 10 is hotter |
Convert
cone 021 bends at
1112 °F(600 °C)
At 108 °F/hr (60 °C/hr) — medium. Faster firing → the same cone bends hotter. Everything about cone 021 →
Questions
- What temperature is cone 021?
- Orton cone 021 bends at about 1112 °F (600 °C) when the kiln climbs at 108 °F per hour, and about 1189 °F (643 °C) at 270 °F per hour. Cones measure heat-work — temperature over time — so the faster you fire, the hotter the kiln has to get for the same cone to bend.
- What is cone 021 in Celsius?
- 600 °C at 108 °F/hr (60 °C/hr) and 643 °C at 270 °F/hr (150 °C/hr), converted from Orton's Fahrenheit chart for self-supporting regular cones.
- What is cone 021 used for?
- cone 021 sits in the decorating fire range. The lowest cones — used for overglaze work fired onto already-glazed ware: lusters, china paints, and decals. Too cool to mature clay or glaze.
- How far is cone 021 from cone 022 and cone 020?
- At 108 °F/hr, cone 022 bends 25 °F cooler (1087 °F) and cone 020 bends 47 °F hotter (1159 °F). One cone step is not a fixed number of degrees — the spacing varies across the chart.
Firing to cone 021? Claybench schedules the kiln around it.
Clay body, glazes, and firing schedule are matched by cone before a plan is saved.