All glaze types

Glaze type · Iron glazes

Celadon

Across 411 published recipes: mostly cone 10 and cone 9, fired in reduction and oxidation; Glossy, translucent.

Atmosphere

reduction 77% · oxidation 15% · salt & soda 4% · wood 4%

Surface

Glossy 53% · Satin 23% · Semi-glossy 19% · Satin matte 2% · Stony matte 2%

Transparency

translucent 44% · transparent 26% · semi-opaque 23% · opaque 7%

Materials that define it

Share of recipes containing each material, and the typical amount when present. Materials link to their reference pages.

MaterialIn recipesTypicalHalf of recipes
Silica79%25.1%20.35–30.36%
Whiting66%18%14–20.7%
Red iron oxide55%1.5%1–2.24%
Custer feldspar33%33%25.4–43.5%
EPK33%10%6.71–18.97%
Potash feldspar24%30.81%24.5–41%
Bentonite21%2%2–3%
Kaolin18%10%6.6–19.8%
Wollastonite18%20%14.32–23.8%
Barium carbonate16%4.8%2.03–14.25%
Dolomite15%5.05%3–7.38%
Grolleg kaolin12%14.5%10–18.32%
Talc11%3.53%3–5%
Ball clay11%15.5%10–20.5%

Typical fired chemistry

Median oxide analysis (weight %) across the recipes that report one, with the interquartile range. Silica and alumina set the melt; the fluxes and colorants make the family.

OxideMedianHalf of recipes
SiO259.7%56.3263.33%
Al2O311.48%10.3212.92%
Na2O1.21%0.722.08%
K2O3.3%2.384.46%
CaO10.88%9.1212.78%
Fe2O31.1%0.632%

What potters should know

Roughly ½–3% iron with some calcium, fired in reduction, gives the celadon range — the figures above say the same thing in the aggregate.

Questions

What is a Celadon glaze?
In 411 published recipes, Celadon glazes are mostly fired to cone 10 and cone 9 in reduction and oxidation, with a Glossy, translucent result. The defining materials are Silica, Whiting, Red iron oxide, Custer feldspar, EPK.
What cone is Celadon fired to?
The most common cones in published recipes are cone 10 and cone 9; the full distribution is on this page. Atmosphere matters as much as cone for this family: reduction and oxidation.
What is the typical chemistry of a Celadon glaze?
Median fired analysis: SiO2 59.7%, Al2O3 11.48%, Na2O 1.21%, K2O 3.3%, CaO 10.88%, Fe2O3 1.1%. Treat these as the centre of a range, not a target — the same family spans different fluxes and cones.

Sources. Every figure is a statistic computed by Claybench over 10,859 glaze recipes compiled from publicly shared community recipe collections (snapshot 2026-02-27); no recipe is reproduced. Colour-chemistry notes are paraphrased from Linda Arbuckle's Ceramic Materials handout.

Colorant and flux notes touch on materials with handling hazards (barium, cobalt, chrome, manganese, lead in historic recipes). Read each material's page and its supplier SDS before mixing; test any food surface.

Claybench checks a glaze against your clay body and cone before it lands on a plan

Recipes, materials, hazards and cone fit — the same reference behind this page, inside the studio planner.

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